(1) Brahmin
Brahmins had the highest position in the society. According to the Chinese traveler Itsing, Brahmins were worshiped like gods in India. Arab traveler Masoodi, who traveled to India in the 12th century, has also written that Brahmins were considered superior among all the castes of India. Alberuni also confirms this fact. Brahmins were considered scholars of religious and spiritual knowledge. Although their main work was studying, teaching, and performing religious rites and yagyas, by the time the Rajput era came, they also started doing military work. Apart from the professions which were allowed to Brahmins, the Brahmin caste was also engaged in various types of work. Many inscriptions of Rajtarangini and Rajputs prove that some Brahmins were good warriors, some were government employees and some did farming and business. Many sub-castes of Brahmins were also formed during this period, like Gaur, Kannaujiya, Kanyakubja, Saraswat, Saryupari etc.
Although Brahmins enjoyed the highest position in the society, Dr. Altekar is of the view that "they too had to bow before the Rajputs, although they had to do so only towards the Rajput officials."
(2) Kshatriya
Kshatriyas also had a high position in the society and considered themselves equal to Brahmins. The main reason for Kshatriyas getting a high position in society was the concentration of power in their hands. The special duties of Kshatriyas were considered to be the protection of living beings, earning livelihood through weapons, respect for good men, the salvation of the poor and destitute, and not showing cowardice on the battlefield. There was a wonderful mixture of love for the country, enthusiasm, and devotion to the state among the Kshatriyas.
An important event of this period is the rise of Rajputs who were probably the descendants of the Kshatriyas of the Vedic period. By the twelfth century, 36 castes of Rajputs had emerged. In this era, some Kshatriyas, apart from the tasks prescribed for them, also did other tasks. Some Kshatriyas also did business (farming, trading) of Vaishyas. Like Brahmins, many sub-castes had taken birth among the Kshatriyas.