Biography of Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore was born in 1861 AD in Jorasanku Thakurbari of Calcutta (Kolkata). His father's name was Devendranath Thakur and his mother's name was Sharda Devi. Rabindranath Tagore's family was prosperous and large. The total number of his brothers and sisters was fourteen. His early education took place at the prestigious St. Xavier's School. At the age of eleven, after the Upanayana Sanskar, he set out on a Himalayan journey with his father Devendranath. Went to England with his brother in September 1877. There he learned Western music while studying English literature. After returning from England, he entered the field of literature. In 1914 AD, he was given the honorary degree of 'Doctor' by Kolkata University. He was also given the degree of 'D-Litt' by Oxford University. He died in Calcutta in 1941 AD.
Literary Introduction of Rabindranath Tagore
Rabindranath Tagore was a famous poet, patriot, and philosopher of our country. He was rich in versatile talent. He composed stories, novels, plays, and poems. He created very melodious music for his poems. He was a great painter and educationist of our country. In 1901 AD, he established a fine arts school in Shanti Niketan, which later took the form of Visva Bharati. It was a university in which the interests and great ideals of the whole world got a place and people of different civilizations and traditions could learn to live together.
Tagore first composed his works in his mother tongue Bengali. When he translated his works into English, he gained immense fame all over the world. He established Shanti Niketan in Birbhum, Bengal. In 1913 AD, he was honored with the Nobel Prize for Literature, which was given for his immortal work 'Gitanjali'. He was the first Indian to receive this award. 'Gitanjali' means the offering of songs or the offering of songs. This work is a free translation of his poems from original Bengali by Tagore himself and is written by the famous Irish poet W. B. Published with a foreword by Yeats. This composition is of devotional songs, a collection of prayers that Tagore offered to God the Father.
Tagore was honored with the title of 'Sir' by the British government but he abandoned this honor in 1919 AD in protest against the Jallianwala Bagh massacre.
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Tagore's poetry is imbued with deep religious sentiment, patriotism, and love for his countrymen. His composition 'Jana Gana Mana Adhinayak Jai He' is the national anthem of India. The national anthem of Bangladesh 'Amar Sonar Bangla' is also his composition. Tagore is one of the most famous and respected Indians all over the world. We address him with great respect as 'Gurudev'. He was a thinker, teacher, and musician. He composed and sang his songs, trained many of his theater disciples, and also acted in his plays. His Rabindra Sangeet has a unique place in today's music world.
Tagore was a deeply religious man but preferred to describe his religion as 'the religion of man'. He was a lover of complete freedom. He instilled a sense of truth in the minds of his disciples. Through close contact with nature, music, and poetry, he alerted his own and his disciples' imagination to beauty, goodness, and broad sympathy.
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Creations of Rabindranath Tagore
Poems- Dooj ka Chand, National Anthem of India (Jana-Gana-Mana), Bagwaan, Mansi, Sonar Tari, Gitanjali, Geetimay, Balak etc.
Story collection- Beggar, Skeleton, Atonement, Drishtidan, etc.
Story- Hungry Stones, Kabuliwala, My Lord, The Baby, Nayanjod Ke Babu, Beggar, Dead or Alive, Trespass, Ghar Wapsi, Master Saheb and Postmaster.
Novels- Gora, Boat Accident, The Home and the World, Aankh Ki Kiriki, Rajarshi, Chokherbali, Ghare Baire.
Drama- Post Office, Sacrifice, Nature's Revenge, Muktdhara, Natir-Pooja, Chandalika, Falguni, Valmiki Pratibha, Raja and Rani, Rudrachand, Visarjan, Chitrangada.
Autobiography- My childhood days.
Essay and speech- Voice of humanity.
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Language style of Rabindranath Tagore
His language is simple, flowing, and impressive. He was knowledgeable in many languages, which is why words from many languages are found in his works. According to the subject and context, he has adopted styles like introductory, analytical, autobiographical, essayistic, etc.